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目录

1、Gold Mining Introduction编辑本段回目录

The gold mining industry today is a global business in every sense, conducted in over 60 countries, of which 16 have significant output of over 31.1 tonnes (1 million oz), and which is dominated increasingly by international mining groups. Yet just 20 years ago, it was a business dominated by the output of South Africa and the Soviet Union and undertaken mainly by local mining companies (albeit large ones in South Africa). This transformation is as radical as any in the history of the industry.

According to GFMS, World gold output in 2001 was 2,604 tonnes (83.7 million oz), moderately higher than 2,584 tonnes (83.1 million oz) in 2000. By comparison, it was only 1,311 tonnes (42 million oz), including estimated communist output, in 1980. Effectively it has doubled. Western world output, excluding the old communist bloc, increased even faster, from 959 tonnes (30.8 million oz) in 1980 to 2,112 tonnes (67.9 million oz) in 2001. Total production throughout history topped 142,500 metric tonnes (m t) or 4,580 million ounces by the end of 2001.

courtesy AngloGold
The challenge facing the gold industry today is the drifting gold price, which can only be partly offset by new technology and better productivity. Weighted average cash costs in the Western World as reported by GFMS, including the main producing countries, South Africa, the United States, Australia and Canada in 2001 were US$176, and total production costs were $228 per ounce. Not all mines are so expensive. Barrick Gold's Pierina in Peru had cash costs of just $40 per ounce and Newmont Mining's Yanacocha, also in Peru, was at $115. But these are the exception.

Gold exploration budgets have fallen sharply since 1997. In that year miners spent US$2.99 billion on gold exploration; in 2001 the total was just less than US$850 million, a significant decline of over 70%. Moreover, the total share of exploration for gold in all mining exploration worldwide has fallen from 65% to 38% in the same period, according to Canada's Metals Economics Group. Not only is exploration down, but some new projects are on hold. Metals Economics Group's chairman, Michael Chender, told the Financial Times World Gold conference in March 2001 that ten major gold projects, which between them would yield 82.5 tonnes (2.65 million oz) annually, had been put "on the shelf". These include Barrick's Pascua Lama in Chile and Placer Dome's Las Cristinas in Venezuela.

 

2、Gold Company Stock Market & Indices编辑本段回目录

Major gold companies often list in their home country and overseas. Anglogold lists in Johannesburg, London, New York, Brussels, Frankfurt and Paris; Barrick Gold is in Toronto, Montreal, New York, Paris, London and Switzerland. Listings are shown for each company in Mining/Menu.

The major stock exchanges quoting gold company shares are:

Johannesburg Stock Exchange
Australian Stock Exchange
Toronto Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
London Stock Exchange
Canadian Venture Exchange

 

3、Gold Industry Organisations编辑本段回目录

The following organisations represent the overall interests of the gold industry.

Australian Gold Council 
Gold Institute
World Gold Council

 

 

4、Over One Million Ounce Producers编辑本段回目录

AngloGold Ltd 
Ashanti Goldfields Co. Ltd
Barrick Gold Corporation
Durban Roodepoort Deep 
Freeport - McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc
Gold Fields Ltd
Harmony Gold Mining Company
Newmont Mining Corporation
Placer Dome Inc
Rio Tinto plc

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